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Description
- Sputum Routine Test: A laboratory test that analyzes sputum, a mixture of saliva and mucus coughed up from the respiratory tract, to diagnose respiratory infections, lung diseases, and other pulmonary conditions.
- Purpose: The sputum routine test is primarily used to identify the presence of pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses in cases of pneumonia, bronchitis, tuberculosis, or other respiratory illnesses. It can also assess the inflammatory response in chronic lung diseases.
- Collection Method: Patients are typically instructed to produce a deep cough to obtain a sample of sputum from the lungs, which is then collected in a sterile container. Proper collection techniques are essential for accurate results.
- Key Components Analyzed:
- Microscopic Examination: Evaluates the presence of white blood cells, bacteria, and abnormal cells. This helps identify infections and inflammation.
- Culture: The sputum sample is cultured to grow and identify any bacteria or fungi present, determining the specific organisms causing infection.
- Sensitivity Testing: Conducted on cultured organisms to identify the most effective antibiotics for treatment.
- Interpretation: Results can indicate the presence of infectious agents or abnormal cells, aiding in the diagnosis of conditions like pneumonia, tuberculosis, or lung cancer. A normal sputum routine may show minimal white blood cells and no pathogenic organisms.
- Clinical Relevance: Sputum routine tests are essential in managing respiratory diseases, guiding treatment decisions, and monitoring the effectiveness of therapy. They are particularly important in patients with chronic cough, hemoptysis, or suspected lung infections.
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