Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Test
- Description: The TSH test measures the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the blood, which is produced by the pituitary gland. TSH plays a critical role in regulating the production of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) by the thyroid gland.
- Purpose: This test is primarily used to assess thyroid function and diagnose conditions such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. It helps determine if the thyroid is functioning properly and whether hormone levels are balanced.
- Normal Range: Typical reference ranges for TSH levels are approximately 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L, though these may vary by laboratory and population.
- Interpretation:
- High TSH Levels: Indicate hypothyroidism, suggesting that the thyroid gland is underactive.
- Low TSH Levels: Suggest hyperthyroidism, indicating that the thyroid gland is overactive.
- Clinical Relevance: The TSH test is a cornerstone in thyroid evaluation, helping guide treatment decisions and monitor thyroid disorders effectively.
2. Thyroxine – Free (FT4) Test
- Description: The FT4 test measures the level of free thyroxine (T4) in the blood, which is the unbound and biologically active form of the hormone. T4 is produced by the thyroid gland and is essential for regulating metabolism and energy levels.
- Purpose: This test is used to evaluate thyroid function, particularly in patients with symptoms of thyroid dysfunction, such as fatigue, weight changes, and mood disturbances. It helps differentiate between various types of thyroid disorders.
- Normal Range: Normal FT4 levels typically range from 0.8 to 2.0 ng/dL, but reference ranges may vary depending on the laboratory and population.
- Interpretation:
- Low FT4 Levels: May indicate hypothyroidism, suggesting inadequate thyroid hormone production.
- High FT4 Levels: Can suggest hyperthyroidism, indicating excessive thyroid hormone production.
- Clinical Relevance: The FT4 test is vital for diagnosing and managing thyroid disorders, providing insights into thyroid hormone availability in the body, and guiding treatment options.
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