Semen Analysis: A laboratory test that evaluates the health and viability of a man’s sperm and seminal fluid. It is commonly used to assess male fertility and diagnose potential reproductive issues.
Purpose: The test is performed to investigate infertility, assess the success of a vasectomy reversal, or evaluate sperm donor viability. It provides critical information about sperm quantity, quality, and overall reproductive health.
Key Parameters:
Sperm Count: Measures the total number of sperm in a given volume of semen. A normal count is typically above 15 million sperm per milliliter.
Sperm Motility: Assesses the percentage of sperm that are actively moving, which is crucial for fertilization. Normal motility is usually greater than 40%.
Sperm Morphology: Evaluates the shape and structure of sperm. Abnormal morphology may affect fertility and is often assessed using strict criteria.
Volume: Measures the total amount of semen produced, with normal ranges typically between 1.5 to 5 milliliters per ejaculation.
pH Level: Assesses the acidity or alkalinity of the semen, which can affect sperm survival and motility.
Interpretation: Results are compared to established reference ranges to determine if any abnormalities exist. A comprehensive analysis helps identify potential issues, such as low sperm count (oligospermia), poor motility (asthenozoospermia), or abnormal morphology (teratozoospermia).
Clinical Relevance: Semen analysis is a crucial component of male fertility evaluations. Abnormal results may indicate underlying health issues, lifestyle factors, or genetic conditions, prompting further testing or treatment options.
Follow-Up: Depending on the results, healthcare providers may recommend lifestyle changes, additional tests, or treatments such as assisted reproductive technologies to enhance fertility prospects.
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